乌兰布和沙漠抗逆植物选择试验及利用

乌兰布和地区光，热，水，土资源丰富，在国家开发西北地区的大政策下，适合进行农，林，牧业开发，但是限于本地区干旱，少雨，风沙大的现状，开发要在以改善生态环境为目的的防护林建设的基础上进行，为本地区增选抗性强，生长快，见效快的灌木品种是当务之急，也是长远需要，本试验选取了干旱地区常见的8种沙旱生灌木进行造林实验，选择出最适于该地区生长的灌木品种主造林方式。     

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熊胆粉溶胆结石的作用研究

通过对熊胆粉体外、体内溶石胆结试验的各组数据对比,进一步明确了熊胆粉能降低胆汁中胆固醇、粘液含量,增加总胆汁酸含量的作用,能明显改善成石胆汁成分。不仅能阻止胆固醇结石形成,还可促进其重新溶解。为临床治疗胆结石提供了用药依据。     

祁连山坡地草场水土流失回归模型的建立

通过对祁连山坡地草场过度、中度和轻度放牧类型产生水土流失的数据分析，运用回归分析及方差显著性检验对径流量和土壤流失量、降水强度对水土流失量的影响情况进行了分析，结果表明，过度放牧观测小区水土流失量（E）与径流量（F）、径流系数（C）及降水量（P）之间呈现E=68.4831 3.9532F-0.8586C-11.1243P的拟合关系（r=0.9091），中度放牧地呈现E=2.8184 0.8692F-0.3325C-0.6627P的拟合关系（r=0.9734），轻度放牧呈现E=-0.0019-0.0781F-0.0009C-0.0005P的拟合关系（r=0.8986）。同时指出当降水强度一定时，坡地草场由于放牧强度不同，其径流系数差异显著，过度放牧草地在雨季有较大降水量是流域内产生水土流失的主要来源。     

Why do Farmers Prefer Oil Palm? Lessons Learnt from Bungo District,Indonesia

Indonesia has been the world’s largest producer and exporter of palm oil since 2008. This paper discussed the livelihood impacts of oil palm development in Indonesia, based on lessons learnt from Bungo district, in the province of Jambi. The various community-company partnerships that structure the sector are reviewed and the difficulties raised by the joint ventures schemes are discussed. The merits and drawbacks of oil palm as a smallholder crop are then analysed, based on household socio-economic surveys conducted in 2007–2010. The main causes of conflicts between oil palm companies and communities are unclear land tenure, and a recurrent lack of leadership in smallholders’ cooperatives. Under fair partnerships between smallholders and companies, oil palm could become a smallholder friendly crop. The land-use profitability analysis demonstrates the high returns that can be generated by oil palm independent smallholdings, making it highly competitive with rubber, and much more profitable than rice production.     

桉树叶中黄酮类的提取及其在农业上的应用

本文报导了从桉树叶中提取黄酮类物质的工艺。采用单罐提取,产品得率为30％左右;三罐组或五罐组逆流浸提,产品得率可达35％;提取的黄酮类物质能调节蔬菜和果树的生长,对植物的病害和病毒都有一定的防治效果。     

A comparison between marine and terrestrial invertebrate meals for mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio) diets: Impact on growth,haematology and health

Invertebrate meals (e.g. polychaetes and insects) present novel and sustainable high‐quality nutrient sources for use in fish feed formulations. To test this innovative source, an eleven‐week feeding trial was conducted evaluating the effects of replacing the fishmeal (FM) component as an example of a superior protein source (FM CTRL) with ragworm meal (RW, Nereis virens) and/or silkworm pupae (SWP, Bombyx mori) in mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio) diets. Three experimental diets with partial replacement of FM (diets: RW + FM, SWP + FM and RW + SWP + FM) were formulated. All diets were formulated to be iso‐nitrogenous, iso‐lipidic and iso‐energetic. Growth performance and feed utilization indices were assessed, and the feeding trial concluded with the analysis of haematological parameters to provide an indication of carp physiological and health status. Mean weight gain was greatest in mirror carp fed RW + FM (60.83 fish^?1 day^?1; P < 0.05 vs. all other diets) followed by SWP + FM (40.62 g fish^?1 day^?1; P < 0.05 vs. all other diets). The least weight gain was achieved in fish fed FM + SWP + RW+ and FM CTRL (34.34 and 33.96 g fish^?1 day^?1, respectively; not significantly different from each other). Fish fed on RW + FM diet had significantly lower plasma ammonia concentrations than any other dietary groups (P = 0.04). Mirror carp fed on SWP + FM diet (111.52 units mL^?1) were observed to have a marked enhancement in alternative complement activity than FM CTRL (79.21 units mL^?1, P = 0.041). Both ragworm and silkworm pupae meal present attractive sustainable functional feed component in carp diets, with benefits on enhancing growth performance and specific physiological parameters.     

红松人工林生物量的测定及其分析

利用平均标准木法测定不同林龄和不同密度红松人工林乔木层生物量及其分布格局。结果表明：15a生红松生物量达到19．19t／hm2，25a达到65．27t／hm2，35a达到135．36t／hm2，平均为73．27t／hm2。在各器官的生物量中，树干生物量最大，约占总生物量的一半左右，并随着林龄的增大，其比值也在增大，平均为54．95％；根占总生物量的比例是相对稳定的，不同林龄阶段均保持在20％左右，平均为22．08％；枝叶占总生物量的比例随林龄的增大而减少，15a时占39．9％，25年时为25．60％，35年时为19．63％。在地上各器官垂直分布中，均以0～2m层生物量最大，从0～2m层（不含0～2m层）向上各层生物量呈缓慢减小趋势，到树梢时又突然减小；枝叶生物量在垂直高度上的分布是两头小中间大的分布，其最大值在15a时出现在第2高度层，25a和30a平均出现在第3高度层。     

紫花苜蓿人工草地施肥试验

在辽宁西部坡地上进行紫花苜蓿不同施肥处理试验，经过1年的研究结果表明，在苜蓿人工草地上无论是单一施用氮肥还是复合肥，均可有效地提高牧草产量并取得较为明显的经济效益，其中以每亩施用尿素15 kg和25 kg效果最好，效益最高，每亩可增经济效益分别是40.74元和40.63元。     

银川地区某奶牛场牛支原体病的诊断

为确诊银川市某奶牛场成年奶牛病因,本研究对两头表现明显临床症状的犊牛进行解剖,无菌采集肺脏、肺积液、关节液及患临床型乳房炎的奶牛乳样1份进行病原分离,分离到2株巴士杆菌、2株链球菌、1株大肠杆菌和3株支原体,通过革兰氏染色、菌落形态观察、特异性PCR鉴定和16S r RNA序列比对,结果显示引起此次流行的主要病原为牛支原体。采用比利时进口牛支原体ELISA诊断试剂盒对银川地区12个规模化奶牛场的230份奶牛血清进行牛支原体血清学调查,结果显示牛群平均阳性率26.52%,牛场阳性率高达100%,表明牛支原体病在银川地区呈高感染率。